Reference Style and Author Guidelines

Researchers submitting to the International Journal of Interdisciplinary Innovation and Research (IJIIR) are requested to follow the Chicago Manual of Style (Full Note System). References should be automatic (footnotes) and must appear at the end of the article. Below are examples for proper citation.

References for the First Time in the Paper

  • Book: Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Love in the Time of Cholera, trans. Edith Grossman (London: Cape, 1988), 242–55.
  • Journal: Muhammad Samiei, “Neo-Orientaliosm? The relationship between the West and Islam in our globalized world.” Third World Quarterly 31, no. 7 (2010): 1145.
  • Website: McDonald's Corporation. "McDonald's Happy Meal Toy Safety Facts." Accessed July 19, 2008. http://www.mcdonalds.com/corp/about/factsheets.html
  • Editor/Translator (with Author): Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Love in the Time of Cholera, trans. Edith Grossman (London: Cape, 1988), 242–55.
  • Editor/Translator (as Author): Richmond Lattimore, trans., The Iliad of Homer (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1951), 91–92.
  • Thesis/Dissertation: Richard E. Remedios, "Defining my Process: My Journey Through the MFA Acting Program at the University of South Carolina." (Master’s thesis, University of South Carolina, 2007), 35.
  • Indirect Source: Ian Hacking, The Social Construction of What? (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1999), 103, quoted in Manuel DeLanda, A New Philosophy of Society (New York: Continuum, 2006), 2.
  • Conference Paper: Rachel Adelman, " 'Such Stuff as Dreams Are Made On': God's Footstool in the Aramaic Targumim and Midrashic Tradition" (paper presented at the annual meeting of the Society of Biblical Literature, New Orleans, Louisiana, November 21–24, 2009).
  • Book Review: David Kamp, "Deconstructing Dinner," review of The Omnivore's Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals, by Michael Pollan, New York Times, April 23, 2006, Sunday Book Review, 30.
  • Organization/Association as Author: University of Chicago Press, The Chicago Manual of Style, 15th ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2003), 100–101.
  • Two or More Authors: Geoffrey C. Ward, John H. and Ken Burns, The War: An Intimate History, 1941–1945 (New York: Knopf, 2007), 12.

Short References (After First Citation)

  • Book: Asad, Islam at the Crossroads, 13.
  • Journal: Samiei, “Neo-Orientaliosm? …,” Third World Quarterly, 1146.
  • Website: Corporation, "McDonald's Happy Meal Toy Safety Facts." Accessed July 19, 2008. Link
  • Translator (with Author): Marquez, Love in the Time of Cholera, 56.
  • Translator (as Author): Lattimore, The Iliad of Homer, 93.
  • Thesis: Remedios, "Defining my Process," 36.
  • Indirect Source: Hacking, The Social Construction of What?, 104, quoted in DeLanda, A New Philosophy of Society, 3.
  • Conference Paper: Adelman, "Such Stuff as Dreams Are Made On."
  • Book Review: Kamp, "Deconstructing Dinner," 31.
  • Organization: Chicago Press, The Chicago Manual of Style, 15th ed., 102.
  • Two Authors: Ward, H. and Burns, The War, 13.

Quranic References

Al-Baqarah 2:15