The names and email addresses provided on the International Journal of Interdisciplinary Innovation and Research (IJIIR) website will be used exclusively for the purposes of this journal and will not be shared with any third party for any other use.

All research articles published in IJIIR are fully open access and freely available to read, download, distribute, and share.

Authors retain full copyright of their published work. IJIIR does not claim ownership over any content published in the journal.

However, authors are required to sign a copyright agreement acknowledging the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0) for fair and ethical use.

Under the CC BY 4.0 License

• Articles may be used, copied, distributed, adapted, and built upon, including for commercial purposes.
• Proper attribution to the original author(s) and source (IJIIR) is required.
• A link to the license must be provided, and any modifications must be clearly indicated.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0) .